Juniper Publishers Journal of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Therapy

Madaj Paul M | A Review: Garlic Effects on the Cardiovascular System Abstract Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Detection as well as modification of risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the topics research over several decades. Multiple drugs have been studied and used in clinical practice with people seeking “natural” alternatives. When evaluating for optimal treatment options and the multiple risk factors associated CAD (e.g. diabetes, hypertension, etc.), garlic can play a prominent role. Studies have shown promising results in treating hypertension, altering the lipid profile, prevention and even treatment of coronary atherosclerosis and its systemic anti-oxidant properties. Garlic also has positive effects outside the cardiovascular system (e.g. immune system). It can be used stand-alone or as an adjunct to current medical therapy. No clinically significant side effects have been r...

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS - OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY   Introduction In the continuously evolving efforts to provide optimum revascularization for high risk Critical Limb Ischemia patients, vascular surgeons around the world have widely adopted hybrid approach. This combination of the advantages of open and endovascular techniques allows the implementation of tailored complex multi-level reconstruction plans usually within a single setting [1-3]. What started over 40 years ago, with the combination of simple iliac angioplasty and femoro-femoral bypass [4] is gradually increasing in complexity & becoming a widely accepted therapeutic option. Furthermore, the increasing sophistication of minimally invasive endovascular techniques with successful treatment of multi-segmental lesions has contributed to a reduced morbidity & duration of hospital stay when Hybrid revascularizations are performed [5]. The final benefit thus is full revascu...

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS - OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY   Present Status of Acute MI Patients in Japan Approximately 40,000 patients die from acute myocardial infarction (MI) in Japan every year according to the data from Vital Statistics 2014 reported by the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare. However, the number of patients hospitalized due to acute MI is about 69,000/year, and the in-hospital mortality of those patients is below 10% according to the data from The Japanese Registry of all cardiac and vascular Disease (JROAD) reported by the Japanese Circulation Society. Therefore, approximately 34,000 patients with acute MI die before hospitalization every year and approximately 40% of acute MI patients die after onset mainly before hospitalization. Judging from these data, we should pay more attention to how to prevent acute MI rather than to how to treat acute MI patients in hospital to save their lives. Proc...

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY Abstract One of the relatively rare cardiac malformations is aortopulmonary window. We report a 12-year-old boy with a mod size aortopulmonary window who presented with an asymptomatic cardiac murmur and in whom catheter device closure was successfully developed with an Amplatzer ASD Cardio fix. Keywords: Aortopulmonary window; catheter device occlusion; Amplatzer ASD closure Introduction One of the relatively rare cardiac malformations is aortopulmonary window (APW), or aortopulmonary septal defect that accounts for 0.1% to 0.6% of all cases of congenital heart disease. It was first described by Elliotson nearly two centuries ago [1,2]. This abnormality is characterized by an malformed communication between the ascending aorta and the pulmonary shaft or the right pulmonary artery [3]. The clinical manifestations of APW are not characteristic, but many of patients have the future...

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY Introduction Adult Congenital Heart Diseases (ACHD) includes adults who have congenital heart disease present from birth or acquire later in life due to a genetic predisposition present at birth. The true incidence of adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) is unknown. With improved outcomes in neonatal and infant cardiac surgery, proportion of patients surviving to adulthood has increased. As more neonates and children are treated for congenital heart diseases, this subset of patient population has increased in recent years. With increased survival, children with congenital heart diseases who grow up to become adults often require repetitive hospital visits and admissions and also multiple procedures over the course of a lifetime. Most recent estimate puts the number of adults with Congenital Heart Disease close to a million in the United States alone. Care of these patients be...

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY Abstract Clopidogrel is commonly used drug in cardiology practice. Though apparently benign, it can rarely caus! e Thombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP). Mechanism of action by which Clopidogrel causes TTP is different than usual. This makes the situation more interesting. Here we are presenting a case of NSTEMI who developed TTP after Clopidogrel. Diagnosis is purely clinical. Early diagnosis and plasmapheresis is lifesaving. A 66-year-old female presents to the hospital for new onset of chest pain. After laboratory and diagnostic workup, NSTEMI was diagnosed. Patient underwent catheterization where triple vessel disease was found, only amenable to CABG. During treatment of NSTEMI, patient received Clopidogrel for 2 days, which was subsequently held in preparation for CABG. After CABG, Clopidogrel was restarted and patient started having dramatic decreases in platelet count and hae...

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY Introduction Oesophageal Artesia most times accompanied by tracheoesophageal fistula is not an uncommon clinical condition. It occurs in 1 in 2,500 to 3,000 live births and there is little evidence to support significant geographical or secular variation in the incidence. The majority of cases of Oesophageal Artesia are sporadic/non syndromic. Familial/syndromic cases of oesophageal Atresia are extremely rare representing less than 1% of the total [1]. Survival is directly related to birth weight and to the presence of a major cardiac defect [1]. Infants weighing over 1,500 gram and having no major cardiac problem should have a survival rate of near 100% [1,2]. Case Report We report a case of a male child born at 41 weeks gestation after an uneventful pregnancy to a 36year old woman, through an uncomplicated Caesarean section. The birth weight was 3,215g. There was however a family history o...

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY Abbreviations: LIMA : Left Internal Mammary Artery; LAD: Left Anterior Descending artery; ACS: Acute Coronary Syndrome; SVG: Saphenous Vein Graft; PCI: Percutaneous Intervene; DES: Drug Eluting Stents Case Report An 86-year-old gentleman was admitted to our cardiac centre with chest pain and a troponin I rise to 4.85 ng/ml (normal value < 0.03 ng/ml).His serial ECGs were unremarkable for any dynamic changes. Significant past history included coronary artery bypass graft in 1985 with presumed four grafts of unknown anatomy. Two years back, he was admitted with a collapse secondary to complete heart block requiring a permanent pacemaker. Coronary angiogram prior to pacemaker insertion was challenging with failed femoral access on both sides. Finally, angiography via left radial route revealed severe native vessel disease and a patent vein graft to the left circumflex. The operator...

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY Abstract The radial artery is now the preferred access route for most cardiologists performing coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention in Europe. However, its use across the rest of the world remains variable. Transradial access provides a number of advantages over the femoral route, including reduced risk of bleeding, but is often technically more challenging, particularly early in the learning curve. Abbreviations: Alternative medicine; Life style diseases; Diabetes mellitusACS: Acute Coronary Syndrome; STEMI: ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction; GTN: Glycerltrinitrate; RAO: Radial Artery Occlusion; PROPHET: Prevention of Radial artery Occlusion-Patent Hemostasis Evaluation Trial; RIFLE-STEACS: Radial Versus Femoral Randomized Investigation in ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome Bakground The first published use of transradial coronary angiography was by C...