The Effect of Low-Level Electrical Stimulation of the Aortic Root Ventricular Ganglionated Plexi on the Treatment of Heart Failure-Juniper Publishers
JUNIPER PUBLISHERS - OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY Opinion Congenital heart failure (HF) is one of the most popular heart disease, which is often accompanied by arrhythmia especially atrial fibrillation (AF). Both HF and AF share the similar underlying pathogenesis such as structural, neurohormonal, and electrical atrial or ventricular remodeling. Unfortunately, traditional pharmacological therapy may not be as useful for the treatment of HF in patients with AF as it is in patients in normal sinus rhythm. Because imbalanced tone of autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays the key role in the initiation of AF in patient with HF [ 1 ], modulation of ANS became a hotly debated point in the current research and practice. Strong vagal stimulation had long been used to induce AF and high level nerve stimulation is considered to facilitate both AF and HF. Recently, Li et al. [ 2 ] gave a novel idea that low-level electrical stimulation (LL-ES) of ...