Dose Response Study of Intrathecal Morphine for Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: a pilot Prospective Randomized Double-Blinded Controlled Clinical Trial-Juniper Publishers
JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY Abstract Objective: To determine the optimal dose of intrathecal morphine in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) surgery. Design: A prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Setting: A tertiary-level university teaching hospital. Participants: 31 adult patients scheduled for elective primary OPCAB surgery. Interventions: Patients were randomized to receive 2.5μg/kg (ITM-2.5) or 5μg/kg (ITM-5) intrathecal morphine or sham-control preoperatively. Anaesthesia was induced and maintained with sufentanil (limited to 1μg/kg), propofol, rocuronium and isoflurane. Blinded observer-caregivers extubated the patients using protocol-defined criteria, and on-demand intravenous morphine (IVM) was administered to patients using a standardized protocol. Measurements and Results: Blinded observers measured the time to extubation, the