Juniper Publishers Journal of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Therapy

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS - OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY Introduction Aortitis involving the coronary arteries is rare [ 1 , 2 ]. Affected individuals may develop myocardial ischaemia due to stenosis of the coronary ostia and/or aortic valve (AV) regurgitation. We report a case of recurrent ostial coronary artery lesions in a young woman. Case A 27-year-old Caucasian lady was admitted with chest pain at rest suggestive of myocardial ischemia. Clinical examination was normal. The electrocardiogram showed lateral T-wave inversion. High-sensitivity troponin T level was elevated at 18ng/L (99 th centile 13ng/L). The CRP was 32mg/L and normalised within 24 hours. Echocardiography showed anterior wall hypokinesia with good left ventricular function and a normal AV. She was treated with aspirin, clopidogrel and enoxaparin. Coronary angiography showed severe ostial left main stem (LMS) artery stenosis ( Fig...

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS - OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY   Abstract Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury is a major socioeconomic problem worldwide. Though there are wider advancements, still mortality rate is substantial. This can be overcome by exploring complete pathopysiology of the disease mechanism. High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is recently explored multifunctional protein based on its location. The present short communication gives an idea on multiple biological activities of HMGB1. Introduction Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Atherosclerotic plaque formation, blocks the coronary artery and there by leads to MI. Early reperfusion is required to salvage diseased myocardium. Reperfusion in turn damages the myocardium called as reperfusion injury ( Figure 1 ). Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury aggravates the area of infarction. Though t...

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS - OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY   Abstract The occurrence of acute coronary events in the setting of hypersensitivity reactions following an allergic insult defines the Kounis-Zavras syndrome that was described for the first time by Pfister in 1951 and published as the first description of allergic angina syndrome by Kounis and Zavras in 1991. Since this topic has not been discussed in the international recommendations for cardiology, this review of Kounis-Zavras syndrome aims to provide an update on this rare clinical entity as well as to highlight the particularity and the special features of how to manage this syndrome. Keywords: Kounis-Zavras syndrome; Myocardial ischemia; Allergy; Coronary spasm; Management Introduction Kounis syndrome refers to allergic acute myocardial ischemia in relation with release of inflammatory mediators by activated mast cell leading to coronary artery spasm...

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS - OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY   Abstract Coronary artery fistula is a rare, abnormal fistulous communication between a coronary artery and a cardiac chamber or large vessel. Being mostly asymptomatic, coronary artery fistula can seldom cause myocardial ischemia, heart failure, arrhythmias and infective endocarditis. We present you a case of coronary-pulmonary artery fistula causing reversible myocardial ischemia and heart failure which is successfully treated by transcatheter coil embolisation method. Keywords: Heart failure; Coronary artery fistula; Coronary anomaly; Coil embolisation; Myocardial ischemia Introduction Coronary artery fistulas (CAFs) are anomalous terminations of coronary arteries in cardiac chambers or great arteries created by bypassing the myocardial capillary bed [ 1 ]. CAFs are rare and mostly asymptomatic. However, hemodynamically significant CAFs may cau...