Juniper Publishers Journal of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Therapy

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS - OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY Abstract ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a well described medical emergency with significant strides in medical management drastically improving survival, however its complications are less frequently described. It can be a difficult task to determine the cause of an acute decompensation after successful revascularization of a STEMI. The differential includes a myriad of acute medical and surgical emergencies, including re-occlusion, stent thrombosis, and mechanical dysfunction of the free wall, septum or valves. Among these is the rare and often fatal acquired ventricular septal defect (VSD). A high index of suspicion of this complication is necessary for early recognition to improve survival. We present a case of an 83-year-old male who after 14 days of a hospital admission for STEMI with successful revascularization had an acute decompensation from hypoxemia refra...

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS - OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY Abstract Background and aim of the work: Platelets play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic complications by contributing to thrombus formation or plaque rupture. There is evidence that inflammation plays an important role in the initiation, development as well as evolution of atherosclerosis, suggesting that atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of mean platelet volume (MPV) and some inflammatory markers on patients with slow coronary flow (SCF) and its possible relationship with clinical presentation. Methodology: This study included thirty patients with coronary slow flow detected by coronary angiography via Thrombosis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) frame count method and fifteen patients with normal coronary arteries were selected as control group. All patients group and control group underwent Legal consent, complet...

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS - OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY   Opinion Hypertension is a leading risk factor for morbi-mortality and disability. It is estimated that approximately 875 million adults worldwide have systolic blood pressure above 140mmHg. If the demographic trend is considered and the prevalence of hypertension increases with age, the consequences of hypertension will continue to increase. The 2017 guideline is an update of “The Seven Report of the Joint Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC)” [ 1 , 2 ]. The guidelines provide a comprehensive review for the diagnosis and therapeutics of arterial hypertension. These guides recommend classifying blood pressure into 4 categories: normal (less than 120/80mm Hg); elevated (120-129/lower 80mmHg); stage 1 hypertension (130-139/80mmHg) and stage 2 hypertension (greater 140/greater 90mmHg). These categories are designed to facilitate clinic...

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS - OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY Abstract ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a medical emergency that requires timely revascularization for better outcomes. However, other causes of ST elevation (STE) should always be considered in the differential diagnosis. Of these causes, diabetic ketoacidosis has been reported in the past, even in normokalemic patients, however, to our knowledge, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) has never been reported to be associated with ST elevations. Here, we present a case of HHS in a patient who had inferolateral STE on EKG with normal coronary angiogram Keywords: ST elevation myocardial infarction; Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state Introduction ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a medical emergency, and the earlier the revascularization is achieved via thrombolysis or percutaneous coronary intervention, the better the prognosis. However,...

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS - OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY   Introduction Coronary Artery Aneurysm (CAA) is defined dilatation of a coronary artery exceeding more than 1.5 fold of the normal vessel diameter. If there is diffuse dilatation in coronary arteries that involves 50% or more of the length of the artery, it is named as coronary ectasia. In addition, the Committee of the American Heart Association has termed "giant aneurysm" if the aneurysm is greater than 8mm (or exceeding more than 4 fold of the normal vessel). Even atherosclerosis is the most common etiology, Kawasaki Disease, inflammatory arterial disease [Polyarthritis Nodosa (PAN), Syphilis, Takayasu Arteritis and Behcet's Disease], Connective Tissue Disease (CTD) and coronary artery revascularization procedures can be responsible for other cases. Treatment of a CAA is important because it may predispose ischemia, myocardial infarction, distal embolization due to thrombus...

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS - OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY & CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY Abstract Background: Antiplatelet therapy is the hallmark therapy for patients with coronary artery disease status post percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stenting. Millions of patients are subjected to such intervention and therapy annually. However recently, attention has been raised against the use of PPIs regarding its potential to decrease the efficacy of clopidogrel. Even the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued warnings regarding the related use of these medications. Objective: We have evaluated multiple studies in an effort to shed light into the ambiguity of concomitant use of PPIs and clopidogrel in relation to increase risk for myocardial infarction (MI). Method: A web-based literature search was conducted through PubMed and Scholar using the keywords "proton pump inhibitors,” "Myocardial infarction,” and "clopidogrel.” Of the available ...